[64] New arrivals included refugees escaping the Great Irish Famine as well as Gaelic-speaking Scots displaced by the Highland Clearances. [261] In 2018, Canada had a trade deficit in goods of $22billion and a trade deficit in services of $25billion. [157], Canada is described as a "full democracy",[158] with a tradition of liberalism,[159] and an egalitarian,[160] moderate political ideology. [475], Canada has enjoyed success both at the Winter Olympics and at the Summer Olympics,[476] though particularly the Winter Games as a "winter sports nation", and has hosted several high-profile international sporting events such as the 1976 Summer Olympics,[477] the 1988 Winter Olympics,[478] the 2010 Winter Olympics[479][480] and the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup. Canada, the second largest country in the world in area (after Russia), occupying roughly the northern two-fifths of the continent of North America. January 16, 2023, 3:32 p.m. EST. [123] By land area alone, Canada ranks fourth, due to having the world's largest area of fresh water lakes. On the east and west coasts, average high temperatures are generally in the low 20s C (70s F), while between the coasts, the average summer high temperature ranges from 25 to 30C (77 to 86F), with temperatures in some interior locations occasionally exceeding 40C (104F). WebCanada is a country to the north of the United States. Learn about labour mobility between provinces and territories. [13] By the 1950s, the term Dominion of Canada was no longer used by the United Kingdom, which considered Canada a "Realm of the Commonwealth". [50] The Beaver Wars broke out in the mid-17th century over control of the North American fur trade. From east to west it stretches almost 4,700 miles (7,560 kilometers) across six time zones. [321] Four chronic diseasescancer (leading cause of death), cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases and diabetesaccount for 65percent of deaths in Canada. [466] Calixa Lavalle wrote the music, which was a setting of a patriotic poem composed by the poet and judge Sir Adolphe-Basile Routhier. [119] The COVID-19 pandemic in Canada began on January 27, 2020, with wide social and economic disruption. These two colonies were collectively named the Canadas until their union as the British Province of Canada in 1841. [250], Canada has a highly developed mixed-market economy,[252][253] with the world's eighth-largest economy as of 2022[update], and a nominal GDP of approximately US$2.221trillion. [198] The Bank of Canada is the sole authority authorized to issue currency in the form of Canadian bank notes. Provincial and territorial case numbers. [435], Canada's media is highly autonomous, uncensored, diverse and very regionalized. [401][402] In Quebec, cultural identity is strong, and there is a French Canadian culture that is distinct from English Canadian culture. [329][330][331], Education in Canada is for the most part provided publicly, funded and overseen by federal, provincial, and local governments. Canada is the largest foreign supplier of energy to the US, including oil, natural gas, and electric power, and a top source of US uranium imports. [15][16][17], The Canada Act 1982, which brought the constitution of Canada fully under Canadian control, referred only to Canada. [224] Canada seeks to expand its ties to Pacific Rim economies through membership in the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum (APEC). In 2006, the average age in Canada was 39.5 years;[317] it rose to 42.4 years by 2018[318] before falling slightly to 41.9 in 2021. [265] The Automotive Products Trade Agreement of 1965 opened Canada's borders to trade in the automobile manufacturing industry. TORONTO - Canadas mens basketball team will play exhibition games against Spain and Argentina this summer in preparation for the 2023 FIBA World Cup. The earliest work of patriotic music in Canada, "The Bold Canadian", was written in 1812. .ca. The Supreme Court of Canada is the highest court and final arbiter and has been led since December 18, 2017, by Richard Wagner, the chief justice of Canada. [70][71] Canada assumed control of Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory to form the Northwest Territories, where the Mtis' grievances ignited the Red River Rebellion and the creation of the province of Manitoba in July 1870. ", "The Crown and the Constitution: Sustaining Democracy? Many moved to Canada, particularly Atlantic Canada, where their arrival changed the demographic distribution of the existing territories. [321] Canada has one of the highest rates of adult obesity among Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, contributing to approximately 2.7million cases of diabetes (types 1 and 2 combined). 49,871. [430], Numerous Canadian authors have accumulated international literary awards,[431] including novelist, poet, and literary critic Margaret Atwood, who received two Booker Prizes;[432] Nobel laureate Alice Munro, who has been called the best living writer of short stories in English;[433] and Booker Prize recipient Michael Ondaatje, who wrote the novel The English Patient, which was adapted as a film of the same name that won the Academy Award for Best Picture. [370] There are 11 Indigenous language groups, composed of more than 65 distinct languages and dialects. [326][327] The Commonwealth Fund's 2021 report comparing the healthcare systems of the 11 most developed countries ranked Canada second-to-last. [425] An image of the previous monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, appears on $20 bank notes, and on the obverse of all current Canadian coins. WebLearn about Canadas response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. 49,871. Zellers canada locations 2023. [206], Common law prevails everywhere except in Quebec, where civil law predominates. [129] Canada is also home to the world's northernmost settlement, Canadian Forces Station Alert, on the northern tip of Ellesmere Islandlatitude 82.5Nwhich lies 817 kilometres (508mi) from the North Pole. Canada is a country in North America. Canada is the largest foreign supplier of energy to the US, including oil, natural gas, and electric power, and a top source of US uranium imports. [150] Canada's first National Park, Banff National Park established in 1885, spans 6,641 square kilometres (2,564sqmi)[151] of mountainous terrain, with many glaciers and ice fields, dense coniferous forest, and alpine landscapes. [296], The 2021 Canadian census enumerated a total population of 36,991,981, an increase of around 5.2 percent over the 2016 figure. [100][101][102] Canada had established complete sovereignty as an independent country, although the monarch is retained as sovereign. Canada is a country to the north of the United States. [254] It is one of the least corrupt countries in the world[255] and is one of the world's largest trading nations, with a highly globalized economy. COVID-19 in Canada. [39], It is believed that the first European to explore the east coast of Canada was Norse explorer Leif Erikson. Includes workplace eligibility, steps to apply, processing times, and what you need to do before you work in Canada. [201] The Constitution Act, 1867 (known as the British North America Act, 1867 prior to 1982), affirmed governance based on parliamentary precedent and divided powers between the federal and provincial governments. [356] One out of every four Canadians or 26.5percent of the population belonged to a non-White and non-Indigenous visible minority,[357][d] the largest of which in 2021 were South Asian (2.6 million people; 7.1percent), Chinese (1.7 million; 4.7percent) and Black (1.5 million; 4.3percent). Canada, the second largest country in the world in area (after Russia), occupying roughly the northern two-fifths of the continent of North America. The United States and Canada traded goods and services of $680 billion in 2017 more than $1.8 billion per day. Perceived health", "Health at a Glance: OECD Indicators by country", "Almost a million B.C residents have no family doctor", "Nearly 60% of British Columbians find it difficult to access a doctor or have no access at all: poll", "Emergency room, primary care closures continue over long weekend in rural B.C. The border of Canada with the US is the longest bi-national land border in the world. 49,871. The governor general or monarch may, though, in certain crisis situations exercise their power without ministerial advice. Its advanced economy is the eighth-largest in the world, relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources and well-developed international trade networks. [406] Government policies such as publicly funded health care, higher taxation to redistribute wealth, the outlawing of capital punishment, strong efforts to eliminate poverty, strict gun control, a social liberal attitude toward women's rights (like pregnancy termination) and LGBTQ rights, legalized euthanasia and cannabis use are indicators of Canada's political and cultural values. [342] As of 2014[update], 89 percent of adults aged 25 to 64 have earned the equivalent of a high-school degree, compared to an OECD average of 75 percent. [276] As of 2020[update], the country has produced fifteen Nobel laureates in physics, chemistry, and medicine,[277] and was ranked fourth worldwide for scientific research quality in a major 2012 survey of international scientists. [375] Due to its historical relation to the francophone culture, Quebec Sign Language (LSQ) is used primarily in Quebec, although there are sizeable Francophone communities in New Brunswick, Ontario and Manitoba. [85], The first Canadian Army units arrived in Britain in December 1939. English and French are its Together, the provinces collect more revenue than the federal government, a rarity among other federations in the world. This spring, Hudson's Bay Company is set to open Zellers stores inside 25 The Bay locations across Canada. [42] No further European exploration occurred until 1497, when Italian seafarer John Cabot explored and claimed Canada's Atlantic coast in the name of King Henry VII of England. Ontario. WebApply to travel, study, work or immigrate to Canada, apply for citizenship, a permanent resident card or refugee protection, check the status of your application or find a form. English and French are its [301][302] A record number of 405,000 immigrants were admitted to Canada in 2021. A fuel pump is seen in a car at a gas station in Toronto April 22, 2014. Visit our Campus. [380] With Christianity in decline after having once been central and integral to Canadian culture and daily life,[381] Canada has become a post-Christian, secular state. [234], During the Suez Crisis of 1956, future prime minister Lester B. Pearson eased tensions by proposing the inception of the United Nations Peacekeeping Force, for which he was awarded the 1957 Nobel Peace Prize. Virtual Tour Schedule a Tour. [243] Canada's military currently has over 3000 personnel deployed overseas in multiple operations, such as Operation Snowgoose in Cyprus, Operation Unifier supporting Ukraine, Operation Caribbe in the Caribbean Sea, and Operation Impact, a coalition for the military intervention against ISIL. They were joined briefly by Frank Johnston and by commercial artist Franklin Carmichael. Canada is bordered by non-contiguous US state of Alaska in the northwest and by 12 other US states in the south. [42] French explorer Samuel de Champlain arrived in 1603 and established the first permanent year-round European settlements at Port Royal (in 1605) and Quebec City (in 1608). Virtual Tour Schedule a Tour. Sell your goods or services to the government Indigenous peoples are not considered a visible minority in Statistics Canada calculations. [259] The Toronto Stock Exchange is the ninth-largest stock exchange in the world by market capitalization, listing over 1,500 companies with a combined market capitalization of over US$2trillion. The Arctic Ocean is to the north of Canada. Its land reaches from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west. [245] Provinces and territories have responsibility for social programs such as health care, education, and welfare,[246] as well as administration of justice (but not criminal law). Other popular professional competitions include the Canadian Football League, National Lacrosse League, the Canadian Premier League, and the various curling tournaments sanctioned and organized by Curling Canada. [181][182][183][184] The reigning monarch is KingCharles III, who is also monarch of 14 other Commonwealth countries and each of Canada's 10 provinces. [20], The first inhabitants of North America are generally hypothesized to have migrated from Siberia by way of the Bering land bridge and arrived at least 14,000 years ago. [23] The characteristics of Indigenous societies included permanent settlements, agriculture, complex societal hierarchies, and trading networks. From east to west it stretches almost 4,700 miles (7,560 kilometers) across six time zones. [54] Mainland Nova Scotia came under British rule with the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht, and Canada and most of New France came under British rule in 1763 after the Seven Years' War. More details on the reporting schedule. It ranks among the highest in international measurements of government transparency, civil liberties, quality of life, economic freedom, education, gender equality and environmental sustainability. [430] By the 1990s, Canadian literature was viewed as some of the world's best. Includes workplace eligibility, steps to apply, processing times, and what you need to do before you work in Canada. [444] In an effort to reduce the amount of foreign-made media, government interventions in television broadcasting can include both regulation of content and public financing. [99], Finally, another series of constitutional conferences resulted in the UK's Canada Act 1982, the patriation of Canada's constitution from the United Kingdom, concurrent with the creation of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Canada is a vast and rugged land. [481] Most recently, Canada hosted the 2015 Pan American Games and 2015 Parapan American Games in Toronto, the former being one of the largest sporting events hosted by the country. [109][110] A second referendum followed in 1995, in which sovereignty was rejected by a slimmer margin of 50.6 to 49.4 percent. [126][127] In addition to sharing the world's largest land border with the United Statesspanning 8,891km (5,525mi)Canada shares a land border with Greenland (and hence the Kingdom of Denmark) to the northeast on Hans Island[128] and a maritime boundary with France's overseas collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon to the southeast. This spring, Hudson's Bay Company is set to open Zellers stores inside 25 The Bay locations across Canada. Chris Bolin/The Globe and Mail. [242] Canada's total military expenditure is expected to reach $32.7billion by 2027. [298] The main drivers of population growth are immigration and, to a lesser extent, natural growth. [207] Criminal law is solely a federal responsibility and is uniform throughout Canada. As much a piece of history as a natural wonder, Canadas. Stanley Park. WebFind out what document you need to travel, visit family and friends, do business, or transit through Canada, and how to extend your stay. [443], Non-news media content in Canada, including film and television, is influenced both by local creators as well as by imports from the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, and France. The United States and Canada traded goods and services of $680 billion in 2017 more than $1.8 billion per day. [456], Canadian music reflects a variety of regional scenes. [44] The early 16th century saw European mariners with navigational techniques pioneered by the Basque and Portuguese establish seasonal whaling and fishing outposts along the Atlantic coast. WebInternet TLD. [9] In 1535, Indigenous inhabitants of the present-day Quebec City region used the word to direct French explorer Jacques Cartier to the village of Stadacona. 4,524,782. [426] The earliest Canadian narratives were of travel and exploration. Deaths. [304] Canada also accepts large numbers of refugees, accounting for over 10 percent of annual global refugee resettlements; it resettled more than 28,000 in 2018. To register, contact media@hrsdc-rhdcc.gc.ca with your name and media outlet before 10:00 a.m. EST on Thursday, January 19, 2023.Please indicate if attendance will be in-person or virtual. Canada is also bounded by the Arctic Ocean to the north, by the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Experience the beautiful campus and enriching community that makes Caada College the school for you! [49] Among the colonists of New France, Canadiens extensively settled the Saint Lawrence River valley and Acadians settled the present-day Maritimes, while fur traders and Catholic missionaries explored the Great Lakes, Hudson Bay, and the Mississippi watershed to Louisiana. [219][220] The strategy of the Canadian government's foreign aid policy reflects an emphasis to meet the Millennium Development Goals, while also providing assistance in response to foreign humanitarian crises. In my time at Caada College, I had the amazing opportunity to grow as a leader. [461] The Canadian Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences presents Canada's music industry awards, the Juno Awards, which were first awarded in 1970. [274] Many towns in northern Canada, where agriculture is difficult, are sustained by nearby mines or sources of timber. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration. 2. [336] Established in 1663, Universit Laval is the oldest post-secondary institution in Canada. [69], Following several constitutional conferences, the British North America Act 1867 officially proclaimed Canadian Confederation on July 1, 1867, initially with four provinces: Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick. WebCanada. [172] Historically, the Liberal Party position themselves at the centre of the Canadian political spectrum,[173][174] with the Conservative Party positioned on the right and the New Democratic Party occupying the left. Canada is a country in North America.Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second-largest country by total area.Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching 8,891 In addition, Canada is the single largest foreign supplier of energy to the United States. [420], Other prominent symbols include the national motto "A mari usque ad mare" ("From Sea to Sea"),[421] the sports of ice hockey and lacrosse, the beaver, Canada goose, common loon, Canadian horse, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, the Canadian Rockies,[418] and more recently the totem pole and Inuksuk. [373], Additionally, Canada is home to many sign languages, some of which are Indigenous. [294] Since the 1960s, Canada's aerospace industry has designed and built numerous marques of satellite, including Radarsat-1 and 2, ISIS and MOST. [161] An emphasis on social justice has been a distinguishing element of Canada's political culture. Quebec. With an area of 9,984,670 square km, it is the worlds second-largest country by total area, falling behind Russia, and just beating out China and the United States. [333][334] Education in Canada is generally divided into primary education, followed by secondary education and post-secondary. [439] As a result, the preservation of a distinctly Canadian culture is supported by federal government programs, laws, and institutions such as the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), the National Film Board of Canada (NFB), and the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC). Ontario. Canada is a country in the northern part of North America. It is the worlds second-largest country by total area, although as a whole the country is sparsely populated. From north to south it spans more than half the Northern Hemisphere. It is to the north of the United States. WebCanada is a country in North America.Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second-largest country by total area.Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching [188] The leader of the party with the second-most seats usually becomes the leader of the Official Opposition and is part of an adversarial parliamentary system intended to keep the government in check. All judges at the superior and appellate levels are appointed after consultation with non-governmental legal bodies. [260], In 2021, Canadian trade in goods and services reached $2.016trillion. The nation employs a professional, volunteer force of approximately 68,000 active personnel and 27,000 reserve personnel, increasing to 71,500 and 30,000 respectively under "Strong, Secure, Engaged" with a sub-component of approximately 5,000 Canadian Rangers. The Arctic Ocean is to the north of Canada. [46][47], In 1583, Sir Humphrey Gilbert, by the royal prerogative of Queen Elizabeth I, founded St. John's, Newfoundland, as the first North American English seasonal camp. [290] Canada has a long history of discovery in genetics, which include stem cells, site-directed mutagenesis, T-cell receptor and the identification of the genes that cause Fanconi anemia, cystic fibrosis and early-onset Alzheimer's disease, among numerous other diseases. [422][423] Canadian coins feature many of these symbols: the loon on the $1 coin, the Arms of Canada on the 50 piece, and the beaver on the nickel. While a variety of theories have been postulated for the etymological origins of Canada, the name is now accepted as coming from the St. Lawrence Iroquoian word kanata, meaning "village" or "settlement". [63] Immigration resumed at a higher level, with over 960,000 arrivals from Britain between 1815 and 1850. One of North Americas largest urban green spaces, Stanley Park is revered for its dramatic forest-and-mountain oceanfront views. Of all Canadas top sights, Banff National Park justifiably ranks as many peoples number one. Please select all that apply: [213] These treaties are agreements between the Canadian Crown-in-Council with the duty to consult and accommodate. [372] Inuktitut is the majority language in Nunavut, and is one of three official languages in the territory. [387], According to the 2021 census, Christianity is the largest religion in Canada, with Roman Catholics having the most adherents. [309] Life expectancy is 81.1 years. 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