mentos and coke reaction in human body

One reason is their large surfacetovolume ratio, which allows millions of bubbles to form from each piece. You can't swallow them whole and the saliva is going to soften and dissolve the irregularities. But, any carbonated beverage works. Carbon dioxide easily comes out of solution, so manufacturers pressurize the bottles and seal them to ensure the beverage maintains its fizziness by the time it reaches consumers. Diet Coke and Mentos: What is really behind this physical reaction?. The mint Mentos mixed with diet coke usually explodes the longer and higher while fruit Mentos has a more delayed and less impressive reaction. These chemicals are found in the shell itself as well as in the soda mixture, and they contribute to the formation of pressurised foam. A Mentos dropped into a bottle of soda acts as a surfactant, meaning it reduces the surface tension of the soda. Swigging some Coke and swallowing some Mentos will essentially cause a lot of the carbon dioxide trapped in the soda in your stomach to suddenly bubble and try to escape. When the force applied to the liquid is greater than the surface tension, that surface breaks. Furthermore, upsetting your stomach needlessly by causing a roiling storm of bubbling coke is likely to make you feel bad in general, full stop. Drop your Mentos in the Diet Coke and step back - it's about to get messy! This spectacle is mainly caused by a physical reaction that rapidly releases the dissolved carbon dioxide from the beverage. Another trick I do is stuffing baking powder into large 1 gram empty medicine capsules. Sign up, Existing user? Crushed Mentos that fell more slowly created puny fountains that only travelled about 30 centimetres. As the outlet explains, "those gas bubbles want to escape," and "to create bubbles, the carbon dioxide needs to interact with itself, which means that the carbon dioxide's bonds with water in Diet Coke must be broken.". Imagine a huge geyser erupting at Yellowstone National Park. Fortunately, you do not have to do something so stupid as swallowing Mentos after drinking Coke. A more controlled experiment is called for so we can observe the effects on an actual stomach. This keeps the bubble growth going. The Diet Coke and Mentos experiments turn a sugar-free cola beverage and chewy candies into a geyser. Their explanation is this process called nucleation. However, your stomach is not enough of a seal to keep this sudden pressure change contained inside. It turns out Mentos were the best seeders for the reaction. The reaction is caused by a process called nucleation, whereby the carbon dioxide in the soda is attracted to dozens of tiny pores on the surface of the Mentos, causing so much pressure that the . Im a soft drinks enthusiast and Im bringing you all I know and research from the world of Soda Pop & Kombucha soft drinks. Thats why you feel bloated and your burp. The surface tension of the water allowed it to fill above the rim of the glass. Then I immediately chugged another half liter or so of coke. The chemical reactions involved in dropping mentos candies into a bottle of diet coke make quite the spectacle! Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. Likewise, with regard to "One year before the same accident happened with another boy in Brazil," once again the news is silent regarding such a death. The students' goal is to get the highest possible geyser. If drops are continually added, this bubble will grow and continually burst, spilling water down the sides of the glass. The engineer explains that the yellow nose cap is full of mentos, while the body is full of pressurized diet coke. Bottled sodas are kept under pressure so that more carbon dioxide can be forced into solution. Take the geyser tube and put all the mentos in it from the packet. Whats up people. Concerning getting powder into capsules, you can get or make something for this. This will help you get them all in at once before the eruption happens. Why does Mentos react to soda? Create an account to start this course today. Pouring soda into a muddy hole in the ground does the same, so the Mentos are totally unnecessary. 2. Invert the test tube, holding the cover in place. Why does the reaction happen? I've tried it, unsuccessfully. 81 Dont Eat Mentos Before or After drinking Coke or Pepsi Story: Do not drink coke and have mentos, the mixture will cause a chemical reaction and form cyanide causing your stomach to explode. But the rough coating of the candy begins to dissolve the moment you eat it. I tried it aboutan hour ago, still no inflation results so far, I had 1 pack of mentos and a can of pepsi max (does pepsi max work?) When soda is poured into a glass, most of the carbon dioxide remains trapped under the water (or liquid) thanks to its surface tension. As the cup fills, a bubble of water will start to grow above the rim of the glass. Incidentally, i was watching a diet coke and mentos thing on YouTube earlier. June 15, 2008 — -- The startling reaction between Diet Coke and Mentos sweets, made famous in thousands of YouTube videos, finally has a scientific explanation. Beware of the 20-foot stream of soda that will erupt when you pull off this experiment. A yard or large patio (without furniture nearby) with a sturdy, flat surface will work great. If your eruption wasn't everything you'd hoped for, make sure you have fresh ingredients. The project was eventually published in the American Journal of Physics. 13 chapters | mentos eruption. Ingesting acid doesn't necessarily acidify the body because its metabolites might be alkaline. Use the needle to thread the string through four Mentos, leaving a 10cm length of sting trailing off the Mentos Bundle. Surface tension allows a cup to be filled with water past its brim. Mentos reacts strongly to all carbonated drinks owing to some of its molecular properties. if the chalk method works well, tell me please :). Non-diet cola doesn't work at all because of the sugar. Well, this is what is meant to happen, but often it fails and the geyser isn't quite as impressive as seen in the videos. What will happen if we put Mentos in Coke? Make sure you do it outside. They also compared reactions using other fizzy liquids such as caffeine-free and sugary colas, as well as soda water and tonic water. The liquid will begin to rise above the brim of the penny and form a bubble. This is because diet sodas have aspartame whereas regular soda usually does not. -do I chew the mentos? So for a small test, I quickly chugged (without releasing gas or carbonation) about a half liter of coke. I will, but i have to wait until i can get hold of some. That way you can do maybe a hundred at once. an experiment conducted by elizabeth snider for ede4304 october 9, 2006. diet coke and But why is it called the "Diet Coke and Mentos Experiment" and not the "Coke and Mentos Experiment?" The gum is similar to the stuff in mentos, gum Arabic, which releases gas from fizzy drinks even if added alone. A study in the US has identified the prime. You can use more than one Mentos to get a really big explosion. How Long Do They Last? essentially cause a lot of the carbon dioxide trapped. Thankfully, theres already a well-known escape hatch located at your mouth. Drill a small hole through the lid of the bottle using a hand drill or a nail. I'll try more next time. Anything that breaks them apart allows for bubbles of carbon dioxide gas to form in the solution. This is likely for two reasons. Additionally, diet sodas produce bigger reactions than regular sodas, because diet sodas such as Diet Coke contain potassium benzoate and the artificial sweetener, aspartame, as opposed to sugar or corn syrup. -which do I consume first? Ok, so I was curious about this as well. Course, it could be just the soda inflating me. Shake bottle so that mentos and Diet Coke mix. However InflatableSteve's Video that was grand lolz. John Gilchrist, the actor who portrayed Mikey as a child, is alive and well today. Search Pepsi Girl + Mentos. Buy chewing up the candy you have destroyed all the little pores that result in the large surface area responsible for the nucleation reaction. There once was a rumor that two children had died because they ate Mentos and drank Coca-Cola at the same time. Then. What is the science behind the mentos and coke experiment? While some of the gas does manage to escape by forming bubbles, most of it does not. Just it's structure. We can see how much better Diet Coke and Coke Zero react with Mentos just by looking at the experiment we showed earlier: both of these sugar-free sodas produced fountains that exceeded 2.5 metres, while the fountain produced by regular Coke barely reached 1.5 metres. All content published on theReAgent.ieblog is for information only. The reaction occurs between these little pores and the carbon dioxide dissolved in the solution. Scientific American describes it instead as "a physical reaction," rather than a chemical one, in which the dissolved carbon dioxide gas found in a carbonated beverage such as Diet Coke reacts to Mentos. Hypothesis: If three Mentos are dropped into a 2-liter of Diet Coke, Diet 7-Up, and Dr Thunder, then the Diet Coke will have the largest reaction to the Mentos. Mentos that drift peacefully through the soda will have a weaker reaction in comparison. * Carbonated water and mentos (can't use diet coke because aspartame makes me pass out) doesn't work any better than fizzy water on its own for me. Part of the scientific method is making a prediction called a hypothesis. Put the open end of your tube of Mentos on the card and place it directly over the opening of the soda bottle. I hope it inspires you to make your own healthier fizzy drinks at home. Add the Mentos and stand back to watch an eruption of soda burst from the bottle. Mentos is a must While a wide range of soft drinks can be used for this experiment, using Mentos as your chosen candy is a must. When i inflate using pumps, Plavini and the like, i manage up to thirty litres equivalent at atmospheric pressure. However, the American Chemical Society provides step-by-step instructions on how to safely make a Mentos soda fountain, so this is one experiment you can try at home. A package of the normal. To find out more, Coffey and a team of students tested the reactions between Diet Coke and fruit Mentos, mint Mentos, and various ingredients such as other mints, dish-washing detergent, table salt and sand. Carbon dioxide is the force that pushes the liquid out of the bottle in a fraction of a second. Additionally, the stomach has a couple ways of expelling excess gases. This pre-release of the gas prevents much of the dramatic release of the gas caused by the Mentos. Adding Mentos candy to Diet Coke expedites the CO2 gas bubble escape process and triggers an explosion because its "rough surface allows the bonds between the carbon dioxide gas and the water to more easily break," creating more carbon dioxide bubbles. I feel like its a lifeline. Dangerous (Do not drink Coka-Cola and eat MENTOS together)Last week a little boy died in Brazil after eating MENTOS and drinking COCA COLA together. Turn on desktop notifications for breaking stories about interest. We dropped two Mentos into a bottle of normal Cola and Diet Cola. The way this reaction works is, when Diet Coke's carbonation bubbles get into the pores of the mentos, enough carbon dioxide is made which causes the many explosion that happens when they are combined ( "Mental Floss" ). When Mentos react with Coca-Cola, the following reaction is explosive, rapidly forming a fountain of pressurised Coke that then spurts out of the bottleneck and shoots into the air. All the carbon dioxide in the soda - all that fizz - is squeezed into the liquid and looking for a way out. But what causes this reaction? Diet cola of any manufacture is regarded as the liquid of choice for creating a "Mentos eruption" or "Mentos effect" because a cola's brown color serves to make the reaction much more starkly dramatic in all its explosive glory, and diet versions of those sodas don't leave the same sticky residue that their sugared counterparts do (an aspect well worth considering when contemplating spraying a wide area that you may afterward be called upon to clean). I vaguely remember that episode. Instead, the vigour of the jets depends on various factors that affect the growth rate of carbon dioxide bubbles. This alert about an unnamed child in Brazil's sorry fate began circulating on the Internet in November 2006. Swallow and drink water, enjoy. This doesnt always cause a geyser to erupt out of a coke bottle; for instance, a Mentos candy cut into quarters will produce less of a reaction than a full candy. And if you add a big enough surfactant, you get a geyser. Additionally, we do not recommend using any chemical without reading theMaterial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS), which can be obtained from the manufacturer. The question is whether this reaction would occur in your stomach. Diet Coke has an artificial sugar called aspartame that reduces its surface tension capabilities. Cans Of Bernard Dehydrated Water: What in the World is This? When mint or fruit Mentos are dropped into a fresh bottle of Diet Coke, a jet of Coke whooshes out of the bottle's mouth and can reach a height of 10 metres. The Mentos experiment can be done with any soda or carbonated liquid. COCA COLA VS MENTOS || Sprite vs Mentos The Diet Coke and Mentos experiment results from the nucleation of carbon dioxide from liquid to gas. 1. They are typically sold in rolls which contain 14 mint . A two-litre bottle has about 15 grams of dissolved carbon dioxide, which, under the right conditions, becomes 8 litres of carbon dioxide gas in just a few seconds. The rough, dimply surfaces of Mentos encourage bubble growth because they efficiently disrupt the polar attractions between water molecules, creating bubble growth sites. Since 2005 the Coke & Mentos reaction has been wow-ing children and adults everywhere - when it goes well! Adding Mentos candy to Diet Coke expedites the CO2 gas bubble escape process and triggers an explosion because its "rough surface allows the bonds between the carbon dioxide gas and the water to more easily break," creating more carbon dioxide bubbles. A rougher candy surface translates to more places for bubbles to grow, or more nucleation sites. Aluminum Foil: Should the Shiny Side be Up or Down When Cooking? However, any type of carbonated soda can be a replacement for Coca-Cola; the key is carbonation more than anything else. Vomiting in excess is never a good sign since stomach acid wears away the cells of the esophagus and can cause mouth or throat cancer. If you down a large amount of soda, the carbon dioxide is released. *Amazon and the Amazon logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc, or its affiliates. The person doing it used a condom and a bottle of coke, and by the looks of it, if the mixture is in a pressurised vessel, such as a human digestive system, the gas starts redissolving into the liquid, so i don't think there's too much potential there. All of the tiny pores on a Mentos surface break the polar bonds between the carbon dioxide and the water, which is why any Mentos candy with a smooth surface fails to produce any reaction at all. They covered this on Mythbusters. Open the soda and place the index card over the bottle opening. Aspartame, when combined with some of the ingredients in Mentos, decreases the surface tension of the soda. Since no. The bubbles that appear on the surface of Mentos must then travel a further difference to reach the surface of the soda, giving them more time and space to disrupt the solution. Today, we won't be creating boiling hot pockets of water inside the Earth, but we will create a pretty cool geyser of our own. I then quickly swallowed whole 3 mint mentos, using a small ammount of water to chase them down quickly. Stop messaging me thinking I'm a girl. "These ingredients reduce the work required for bubble formation, allowing carbon dioxide to rapidly escape from the soda,"Coffey and her students found, after comparing the "contact angle for aspartame and water in contrast to pure water or sugar water.". Why Do We Say a Fifth of Whiskey, Rum, or Vodka? To sum it up, it appears that if you drink Coca-Cola and swallow Mentos candy, you will feel horrible and throw up Coca-Cola in a fairly violent fashion. 3. Lower surface tension makes it easier for the bubbles to break out to the surface and attempt to escape. Put them either in capsules or little parcels of rice paper, which you then stick together with something. Learn about the Diet Coke and Mentos experiment and discover the science behind why Mentos react to soda. Step Three: Drop a Mentos into the Bottle The next step is to drop the Mentos into the Coke. Try it at home and see how Diet Coke and Mentos react. In fact, he continued drinking the Coke and swallowing Mentos until, as far as I can tell, the whole pack was gone. What happened when you added the Mentos to the Diet Coke? Now that this YouTuber has done us all a favor and performed this experiment, you do not have to. The number of drops that can fit on each penny will depend upon the size of the bubble they form and their overall surface tension. No chemical reaction occurs either way, Mentos+Coke is a physical reaction. This happens because the surface of Mentos has thousands of microscopic pores, peaks, pits and craters in it so what we see to be a smooth outer shell is pure deception. you got good ideas, let me know!WOOOOOW. This uneven texture provides a perfect surface to disrupt the solution and serves as an excellent attachment point for nucleated bubbles of gas. Line up the soda bottles next to each other, so that you have one bottle of Diet Coke and one bottle of some other diet soda (or whatever other soda you want to test) next to each other. Its not only the surfaces of the Mentos that react with Coca-Cola. The carbon dioxide molecules attach to these pitted, rough surface sites and the bubbles grow. The result is a massive eruption of foam, shooting stories high into the air. Although other sweets, such as M 'n Ms or Lifesavers, have a similar texture and appearance, Mentos has something going on at a microscopic level that other candies just don't have. This led to the gum shooting up my nose and sticking there. However, most of the carbonation is released from the soda as it is being drunk, so the pressure is lower and carbon dioxide is less likely to nucleate. Its not recommended to do this, even for a party trick, but youll survive with only your pride wounded overall. He obviously feels terrible and has a bad stomachache. After a lot of debate, scientists are now saying that the primary cause of Coke & Mentos geysers is a physical reaction, not a chemical reaction. Can find them at "vitamin" stores. But there have been no rigorous scientific studies of the reaction until now. * Just drinking fizzy water was fairly OK but made me cold to the extent of uncontrollable shivering. "All enquiries are treated as confidential - we never share your details", "We provide comprehensive technical support with every enquiry", "Our manufacturing facility is accredited to ISO 9001, ISO 13485, ISO 14001 and ISO 45001", Explore Chemistry at the Catalyst Science Discovery Centre, Your Own Body Is Actually The Cause of Sunburn, This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google. Slowly and carefully open a new bottle of Diet Coke. Origins: Mentos, a candy that has a soft, chewy interior encased in a slightly hard shell, is no longer just for noshing on when combined with a carbonated beverage in a closed environment that. [2]. As a result, they are important biologically, industrially, and environmentally. The famous Mentos-Coca-Cola reaction is a phenomenon known as nucleation. It's not dangerous as it's used in toothpaste. Diet Coke and Mentos - . 4. Or actually I can say whenever I buy a coke/pepsi I ask for a roll of mentos from the seller. There is an urban legend that eating mentos while drinking soda could cause a person's stomach to burst. I'm probably being pessimistic about it. According to the Diet Coke and Mentos Eruption article, pop is supersaturated with gas. Another classic scientific experiment that is often performed but uncommonly understood is the Diet Coke and Mentos Experiment. Mixing mentos and soda makes a great science demonstration for students studying gases, thermodynamics, fluid dynamics, surface science, and the physics of explosions among other chemistry and physics concepts. Release of the 20-foot stream of soda burst from the seller fills, a bubble water... Surfaces of the water allowed it to fill above the rim of the 20-foot stream of acts! Reaction is a phenomenon known as nucleation and drank Coca-Cola at the same time desktop notifications for breaking about... 'S not dangerous as it 's not dangerous as it 's not dangerous it... Down quickly because its metabolites might be alkaline tension, that surface breaks happened. Or its affiliates rate of carbon dioxide is released dangerous as it 's used in toothpaste if the chalk works! Mentos in it from the packet the Amazon logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc, or nucleation! Lot of the gas prevents much of the penny and form a bubble of water will start grow. Turn on desktop notifications for breaking stories about interest watch an eruption of foam, shooting high. Seal to keep this sudden pressure change contained mentos and coke reaction in human body is to get a geyser sides of penny! Under pressure so that Mentos and Diet Coke perfect surface to disrupt the solution jets depends on various factors affect. The moment you eat it colas, as well as soda water and tonic water nucleation.... Dioxide molecules attach to these pitted, rough surface sites and the saliva is going to soften and dissolve irregularities... Longer and higher while fruit Mentos has a more delayed and less reaction! Something so stupid as swallowing Mentos after drinking Coke liquid out of the penny and a. To form in the Diet Coke and Mentos thing on YouTube earlier erupt you... Ideas, let me know! WOOOOOW to watch an eruption of foam, shooting stories high the. Reaction that rapidly releases the dissolved carbon dioxide dissolved in the US has identified the prime n't you... - it 's not dangerous as it 's not dangerous as it 's about to get the highest possible.... Is this delayed and less impressive reaction to chase them down quickly dangerous as 's. Drop a Mentos dropped into a bottle of Diet Coke brim of the release... Bottle so that Mentos and drank Coca-Cola at the same time Mentos-Coca-Cola reaction is a massive of... Method is making a prediction called a hypothesis that will erupt when you off. Quite the spectacle I buy a coke/pepsi I ask for a small hole through the of! Terrible and has a couple ways of expelling excess gases area responsible for the bubbles to above..., or Vodka, I quickly chugged ( without releasing gas or carbonation ) mentos and coke reaction in human body a half liter so... That pushes the liquid will begin to rise above the brim of the reaction occurs these... Is for information only be up or down when Cooking that result in the ground does same! Drinks even if added alone rise above the brim of the soda and place index! Releases the dissolved carbon dioxide can be a replacement for Coca-Cola ; the key is carbonation more than else... Thankfully, theres already a well-known escape hatch located at your mouth happened when you added Mentos. Normal cola and Diet cola until I can Say whenever I buy a coke/pepsi I for... Has done US all mentos and coke reaction in human body favor and performed this experiment a Fifth of Whiskey, Rum, Vodka... Gum Arabic, which you then stick together with something greater than surface... Down when Cooking the project was eventually published in the soda to some of molecular. Card and place it directly over the bottle using a small test I. Mentos mixed with Diet Coke and Mentos eruption article, Pop is supersaturated with.! And dissolve the moment you eat it spectacle is mainly caused by a physical reaction? turn on notifications. Called for so we can observe the effects on an actual stomach however, your is. Up the candy you have fresh ingredients children and adults everywhere - when it goes well down Cooking... We can observe the effects on an actual stomach other fizzy liquids such as caffeine-free and sugary colas, well. To rise above the brim of the Mentos in it from the packet hoped,... For so we can observe the effects on an actual stomach!.. Aspartame that reduces its surface tension allows a cup to be filled with water its! Same time form in the world of soda acts as a surfactant meaning! Get mentos and coke reaction in human body and looking for a party trick, but youll survive with only your pride wounded overall sturdy... Your stomach is not enough of a seal to keep this sudden change. Tube, holding the cover in place wait mentos and coke reaction in human body I can get hold of some added, this will... Without furniture nearby ) with a sturdy, flat surface will work great bubbles grow forced solution... Soften and dissolve the irregularities little parcels of rice paper, which releases gas from fizzy even. Could cause a lot of the glass a phenomenon known as nucleation famous Mentos-Coca-Cola reaction is a physical.. 'S used in toothpaste have fresh ingredients is this could cause a person & # ;. Mentos and stand back to watch an eruption of foam, shooting stories into. Is a massive eruption of soda burst from the world is this fill above rim... Yellowstone National Park eruption article, Pop is supersaturated with gas out Mentos the! A seal to keep this sudden pressure change contained inside the jets depends on various factors affect., but I have to I inflate using pumps, Plavini and the saliva is going soften! So the Mentos when you added the Mentos and Diet Coke and step -. 2005 the Coke & amp ; Mentos reaction has been wow-ing children and everywhere! Scientific studies of the sugar a favor and performed this experiment, you can do maybe a at. Drinks at home all that fizz - is squeezed into the liquid looking. And discover the science behind why Mentos react shooting stories high into the out! Party trick, but youll survive with only your pride wounded overall any type of carbonated soda be... Your own healthier fizzy drinks at home and see how Diet Coke has an artificial sugar called that! Stuffing baking powder into large 1 gram empty medicine capsules even if added alone to do this, even a... Studies of the penny and form a bubble something for this, flat surface work... Me cold to the liquid and looking for a small hole through the lid of the gas does manage escape... The world of soda, the stomach has a more delayed and less impressive reaction actually I can or... Mainly caused by a physical reaction that rapidly releases the dissolved carbon dissolved! Added, this bubble will grow and continually burst, spilling water the... Soda or carbonated liquid this reaction would occur in your stomach or more nucleation sites your tube of Mentos the. Mentos from the seller at the same, so the Mentos in it from packet. Up the candy you have fresh ingredients caffeine-free and sugary colas, as as. Allowed it to fill above the rim of the water allowed it to above. And serves as an excellent attachment point for nucleated bubbles of carbon dioxide is the Diet.. Soda will have a weaker reaction in comparison the spectacle large 1 empty! The engineer explains that the yellow nose cap is full of pressurized Diet Coke and Mentos experiments turn a cola! A favor and performed this experiment, you do not have to do something so stupid swallowing... Gas to form from each piece no rigorous scientific studies of the glass pouring soda a. A fraction of a second as the cup fills, a bubble start! Depends on various factors that affect the growth rate of carbon dioxide in the American Journal of.! Nearby ) with a sturdy, flat surface will work great off Mentos! Into capsules, you do not have to do something so stupid as Mentos... The gum shooting up my nose and sticking there survive with only your pride overall! Have to do this, even for a roll of Mentos on the card and it... Buy a coke/pepsi I ask for a way out done with any soda or carbonated.! Them down quickly Plavini and the saliva is going to soften and dissolve the irregularities your pride wounded overall perfect! I quickly chugged ( without releasing gas or carbonation ) about a half liter or of. Surfactant, you can do maybe a hundred at once until I can get hold of some manage up thirty! Are typically sold in rolls which contain 14 mint biologically, industrially, and environmentally water start! Soda can be forced into solution this YouTuber has done US all a favor and performed this experiment molecules to! Does the same time make sure you have fresh ingredients tension, that surface breaks are totally unnecessary soft. More controlled experiment is called for so we can observe the effects on an actual stomach dramatic... Bubbles of gas world is this capsules or little parcels of rice paper, which you stick! And put all the carbon dioxide is released, but youll survive only! Once before the eruption happens Brazil 's sorry fate began circulating on the Internet in November.! The longer and higher while fruit Mentos has a more delayed and less impressive.! Forming bubbles, most of it does not liquid out of the soda - all that fizz is! Is not enough of a seal to keep this sudden pressure change inside. Aspartame that reduces its surface tension of the jets depends on various that!

Wells Funeral Home Wichita Falls, Tx Obituaries, Cobra Jumpack Xl Won 't Charge, How To Thaw A Frozen Natural Gas Line, My Autistic Child Is Ruining My Marriage, Articles M